Thomas Edison was an American inventor and businessman who lived from 1847 to 1931. He is best known for inventing the practical electric light bulb, the phonograph, and the motion picture camera. He held over 1,000 patents for his inventions and innovations in various fields, including telecommunications, electric power, and sound recording. Edison was also a successful businessman who founded General Electric and other companies. He was a controversial figure due to his approach to business and his treatment of his employees, but his contributions to technology and industry have had a significant impact on modern life.